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Lipotainª
Non-Flush Niacin & Standardized Guggul Extract
Dietary Supplement

60 tablets

Lipotainª is a powerful natural formula designed to support healthy cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein(a) levels by supplying 500 mg of
inositol hexanicotinate per tablet. This unique, sustained-release form of niacin is effective without the uncomfortable side effects associated with conventional niacin, such as flushing. Lipotain also features a standardized extract of guggul resin derived from the mukul myrrh tree (Commiphora mukul), which has a long history of traditional use in the Indian system of Ayurveda. Guggul resin may help maintain healthy
cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Directions: Take one tablet twice daily or as directed by your health care practitioner.

Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry place.

Supplement Facts

Serving Size : 1 Tablet
Servings Per Container : 60
Amount Per Serving % Daily Value
Niacin (as inositol hexanicotinate) 500 mg 2500%
Guggul Resin Extract 375 mg **
(Commiphora mukul)
(standardized to 10% (37.5 mg) guggulsterones)

**Daily Value not established.

Other Ingredients: Fibersol¨ 2 (maltodextrin with soluble fiber), cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, and silica.

Inositol Hexanicotinate

Niacin has long been prescribed for the treatment of various cardiovascular conditions, particularly the hyperlipidemias. It has been proven effective at lowering VLDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels while raising HDL levels. The side effects of niacin which may occur at the dosages often required for therapeutic efficacy, ranging from flushing and pruritus to hepatoxicity and impaired glucose tolerance, often prove troubling for both patient and practitioner. The need for a safer approach to niacin supplementation has resulted in the investigation of niacin esters. One of the most widely studied of these is inositol hexaniacinate (IHN). In numerous trials it has been found to be virtually free of the side effects associated with conventional niacin therapy. Extensive research has found IHN to be effective in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, Raynaud's disease and intermittent claudication. A number of other conditions which respond favorably to niacin therapy such as hypertension, diabetes, dysmennorhea and
alcoholism bear further investigation. (Alt Med Rev 1996;1(3):176-184.)

Guggul

In ancient times, guggul was used primarily as a treatment for inflammatory conditions, including arthritis. However, since the modern rediscovery of guggul as an effective hypolipidemic agent in the 1960s, the anti-inflammatory properties of guggul have been overshadowed. Consequently, only a few animal experiments have been conducted to further describe its role as an anti-inflammatory agent. These experiments have shown that guggul inhibits the inflammatory response to carrageenan-induced rat paw edema8,9 and experimentally induced arthritis.[10]

The hypolipidemic action of guggul was first reported in 1966 in a doctorate thesis submitted to the Banaras Hindu University by G.V. Satyavati. This work was inspired by the discovery of a strong correlation between the ancient concept of atherosclerosis and obesity (medaroga) described in the Sushruta Samhita and the modern concept of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.[1] Satyavati's experiment showed that guggul lowered the serum cholesterol levels and body weight of hypercholesterolemic rabbits, and protected the animals against ypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis induced by an atherogenic diet.[11] This report excited interest among other researchers, and resulted in the initiation of several animal experiments that attempted to further describe the hypolipidemic action of guggul, all of which showed a favorable effect.[12-18] In a study conducted in 1981, Baldwa and colleagues observed not only a highly significant reduction in cholesterol and triglycerides in chicks after administration of C. mukul, but also reported a reversal of the atherosclerotic process at a dose of 3 grams/kg body weight.[19]

Both guggul and its purified extracts have proven to be effective hypolipidemic agents in patients with ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Fifty patients with symptoms of ischemic heart disease treated with an oral daily dose of 10-15 grams of guggul for three months experienced a 25% decrease in total cholesterol and a 30% reduction in triglycerides, representing a significant change compared to controls.[20] Twenty-two patients with primary hyperlipidemia were given a 1,500 mg daily dose of gugulipid for six weeks. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in 59% of the patients, evident at two weeks after initiation of treatment. Among responders, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were lowered 24.5% and 27.3%, respectively.[21] A multicentered clinical trial involving 205 patients resulted in a significant lowering of serum cholesterol (23.6%) and serum triglycerides (22.6%) in 70% of patients treated with 1500 mg of Gugulipid daily for 3 months.[22] Another study involving 125 patients compared the effect of gugulipid with clofibrate, a popular hypolipidemic pharmaceutical. The average reduction in serum cholesterol and triglycerides in response to treatment with the standardized extract was 11% and 16.8%, respectively. HDL-cholesterol was increased in 60% of the patients who responded to treatment with the C. mukul extract. With clofibrate, cholesterol and triglycerides were reduced 10% and 21.6% respectively.[22]

Guggul has been shown to be a useful adjunct to dietary modification in hypercholesterolemic patients. Treatment with gugulipid at a levelsupplying 100 mg of guggulsterones daily for six months in addition to a fruit-and vegetable-enriched diet resulted in an 11.7% reduction in total cholesterol, 12.5% reduction in LDL cholesterol, 12.0% reduction in triglycerides, and 11.1% reduction in the total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in 61 patients.[23] In addition to its lipid-lowering activity, guggul may also promote cardiovascular health through its ability to act as an antioxidant and to inhibit platelet aggregation. Three studies showing guggul's potential as an antioxidant were reviewed. The effect of guggulsterones on the oxidative modification of lipid and protein components of LDL induced by copper (Cu++) in vitro was examined in a 1997 study. Guggul-sterones inhibited the generation of lipid peroxidation products in a concentration dependent manner. In the same investigation, uggulsterones also inhibited the formation of hydroxyl (OH-) free radicals created in a nonenzymic system in a concentration dependent manner.[28] In 1989, guggulsterones (50 mg/kg) were given to rats after induction of myocardial necrosis with isoproterenol. In myocardial necrosis, increased levels of lipid peroxides, xanthine oxidase activity and a lowering of superoxide dismutase is observed, which may lead to increased formation of free radicals with subsequent cardiac cell damage. Guggulsterones, in a manner similar to two other cardioprotective drugs (propranolol and nifedipine), reversed this elevation of lipid peroxides and xanthine oxidase and the decrease in superoxide dismutase activity.[29] In the dietary modification trial discussed above, a decrease in the production of lipid peroxides was observed among the guggul group, suggesting a 33% decline in oxidative stress. No change in lipid peroxide production was observed in the placebo group.[23]